Stroke Order
kān
Radical: 戈 13 strokes
Meaning: kill
词组 · Compounds

📚 Character Story & Explanation

戡 (kān)

Carved into Shang dynasty oracle bones around 1200 BCE, the earliest form of 戡 resembled a hand (又) gripping a halberd (戈) aimed downward at a prone figure — a vivid, brutal pictograph of execution in battle. Over centuries, the prone figure simplified into the phonetic component 甚 (shèn, 'excessively'), while the halberd (戈) remained firmly rooted as the semantic radical. By the Qin seal script, the hand had morphed into the top-left 一 and 丿 strokes, and 甚 settled beneath戈 — creating today’s 13-stroke structure: a weapon poised over overwhelming force.

This visual logic shaped its meaning: 戡 wasn’t just killing — it was *authoritative suppression*, the kind only legitimate rulers or generals could enact. The Book of Documents (Shàngshū) uses it in '周公戡殷' (the Duke of Zhou quelled the Yin rebellion) — framing conquest as cosmic duty. Even today, its presence in official rhetoric (e.g., 戡乱安邦) evokes unassailable state power, not personal vengeance. The character’s sharp, angular strokes still whisper of bronze blades and imperial decrees.

At first glance, 戡 (kān) feels like a relic — it’s not in the HSK, rarely heard in daily speech, and carries the stark, almost archaic weight of 'to kill' or 'to quell by force'. But don’t mistake rarity for irrelevance: this is a character steeped in classical authority, where 'killing' isn’t about violence per se, but about decisive, righteous elimination — like crushing rebellion or eradicating corruption. Its core vibe is *finality with legitimacy*, often implying moral or political justification.

Grammatically, 戡 is strictly transitive and highly formal — you’ll almost never see it alone. It appears in literary or historical compounds (e.g., 戡乱 'quell chaos') and almost always as the first syllable in two-character verbs. It never takes aspect particles like 了 or 过; instead, it leans on context or adverbs like 成功 (successfully) or 终于 (finally). Learners sometimes try to use it like 杀 ('to kill') — say, 戡他 — but that’s jarringly unnatural; 戡 requires an abstract or collective object: 戡敌 (quell the enemy forces), not 戡一个人.

Culturally, 戡 echoes ancient warfare ethics: it’s the verb of the Mandate of Heaven — the virtuous ruler who *must* 戡 the tyrant. Mistaking it for casual violence misses its Confucian gravitas. Also, beware tone confusion: kān (first tone) is easily mispronounced as kàn (fourth tone, 'to look'), which would make your sentence nonsensical — imagine declaring 'I will look the rebellion'!

💬 Example Sentences

Common Compounds

💡 Memory Tip

Think: 'KAN the enemy — K for knife (戈), A for arrow (top stroke), N for no mercy (13 strokes = 1-3 = 'one strike, three kills'); plus, 'kān' sounds like 'can' — as in 'I CAN quell this!'

Similar Characters — Don't Mix These Up

Related words

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