水文

水文 (shuǐ wén) refers to the study of water, particularly its distribution, movement, and properties in the environment. It is a branch of environmental science that focuses on rivers, lakes, groundwater, and precipitation.

The character 水 (shuǐ) means 'water,' and 文 (wén) originally meant 'culture' or 'writing,' but in this context, it relates to 'study' or 'record.' Together, they form a term that describes the systematic study of water systems.

水文 is commonly used in scientific and technical contexts, especially in geography, engineering, and environmental management. It plays a crucial role in flood control, water resource planning, and ecological research in China and other regions with complex hydrological systems.