资本主义
How to Understand
Capitalism is an economic system in which private individuals or businesses own and control property and industries. It is characterized by free markets, competition, and the pursuit of profit.
The character 资 (zī) means 'capital' or 'resources,' 本 (běn) means 'origin' or 'base,' 主 (zhǔ) means 'master' or 'principle,' and 义 (yì) means 'righteousness' or 'principle.' Together, they form a term that describes an economic system based on private ownership and market-driven operations.
Capitalism is widely discussed in both academic and political contexts. In China, it is often contrasted with socialism, and the country has adopted a mixed economy that combines elements of both systems. Understanding capitalism is essential for grasping global economic dynamics and debates about wealth distribution and labor rights.